How to Propagate Olive Trees

Propagation is the most reliable way to expand an olive grove or grow new trees that are true to type. While olives can be grown from seed, most growers prefer cuttings or grafting to ensure consistency in fruit quality and yield. In Australia, propagation is typically carried out during warmer months when growth activity is high.

The most common method is through semi-hardwood cuttings. These are taken from healthy branches of established olive trees, usually in late spring or early summer. Each cutting is about 15–20 cm long, with leaves removed from the lower half. To improve success, cuttings are dipped in rooting hormone and placed in a free-draining propagation mix under warm, humid conditions.

Once roots have formed — a process that can take 6–8 weeks — the young olive plants can be potted individually and later transferred outdoors. With consistent watering, sunlight, and balanced nutrition, propagated cuttings grow into full-sized trees identical to their parent variety.

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Best Propagation Methods for Olive Trees

Cuttings: Semi-hardwood cuttings are the easiest and most common method. Success rates are higher in warm, humid environments with misting or greenhouse support.
Air Layering: A branch is partially girdled, treated with rooting hormone, and wrapped in moist medium until roots form. This is slower but effective for stubborn varieties.
Grafting: Used commercially to preserve specific cultivars. A scion from the desired variety is grafted onto a strong rootstock, ensuring uniformity in fruit production.
Division of Suckers: Mature trees often produce suckers around the base. These can be separated and replanted, though they may not always produce strong fruiting trees.

To maximise propagation success, use sterile tools, disease-free stock plants, and maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging. Once rooted, feed young plants with diluted Complete Grow NPK 20-20-20 to establish vigorous roots and healthy foliage during their first year.

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FAQs About Propagating Olive Trees

What is the easiest way to propagate olive trees? Semi-hardwood cuttings taken in spring or summer are the simplest and most successful method for home gardeners.

How long does it take for olive cuttings to root? Typically 6–8 weeks under ideal warm, humid conditions, though some may take longer depending on variety and care.

Can I propagate olive trees from branches? Yes. Healthy, semi-hardwood branches trimmed into cuttings can successfully root when placed in suitable soil with rooting hormone.

What fertiliser should I use on young propagated olive trees? A diluted, balanced fertiliser such as Complete Grow 20-20-20 Liquid is ideal for promoting root development and steady growth in the first year.